Material Oil on panel
Dimensions 65.5 × 54.4 cm
Place of Creation Antwerp
Status Vetted

About the Work

See brochure on the painting by Koenraad Jonckheere.

Provenance

New York, Leiden Collection, until 2023

Literature

P.C. Sutton, Peter Paul Rubens, Emperor Commodus as Hercules and Gladiator, circa
1597-99, unpublished factsheet Jack Kilgore & Co., New York 2011
P.C. Sutton, Peter Paul Rubens : Portrait of the Emperor Servius Sulpicius Galba (3 BC
– 69 AD), Amsterdam, Salomon Lilian Dutch Old Master Paintings 2014, pp. 4-5,
fig. 1
K. Jonckheere, Portraits after Existing Prototypes (Corpus Rubenianum Ludwig
Burchard XIX/4), Turnhout/London 2016, pp. 85, 102, cat. no. 35a, fig. 139
I. van Tuinen, ‘Emperor Commodus as Hercules and as a Gladiator ‘(2017), in:
A.K. Wheelock Jr., L. Yeager-Crasselt (eds.), The Leiden Collection Catalogue (3rd
ed.), New York 2020 (see https://theleidencollection.com/artwork/the-emperor-
commodus-as-hercules-and-as-a-gladiator/, accessed April 2022)
L. Yeager-Crasselt, ‘The Leiden Collection and the Dutch Golden Age’, in: P.
Lyubimova (ed.), The Age of Rembrandt and Vermeer : Masterpieces of The Leiden
Collection, exh. cat. Moscow, The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, St.
Petersburg, The State Hermitage Museum 2018-2019, pp. 16-27, p. 18, note 12;
pp. 28-33, p. 29, note 12
L. Yeager-Crasselt, ‘The Leiden Collection and the Dutch Golden Age’, in: B.
Ducos, L. Yeager-Crasselt (eds.), Rembrandt, Vermeer and the Dutch Golden Age :
Masterpieces from The Leiden Collection and the Musée du Louvre, exh. cat. Abu Dhabi,
Louvre Abu Dhabi 2019, pp. 24-31, p. 26, note 10
A.T. Woollett, ‘Toward a living past: Rubens and the antique Triumph’, in: A.T.
Woollett, D. Gasparotto, J. Spier (eds.), Rubens : Picturing Antiquity, exh. cat. Los
Angeles, J. Paul Getty Museum 2021-2022, pp. 70-84, p. 75, and p. 106, cat. no. 20,
ill.
J. Wood, B. Schepers, in: E. McGrath, B. Schepers, B. Vanoppen (eds.), Mythological
Subjects : Hercules to Olympus (Corpus Rubenianum Ludwig Burchard XXI/2), 2 vols.,
Turnhout/London 2022, 1, pp. 106-107, note 32

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